Introduction to Candle Making in Early Scottish Days 

Candle making in early Scotland was a vital craft that illuminated homes, churches, and streets before the advent of electric lighting. This age-old tradition began with the use of readily available resources and evolved over centuries into a thriving industry. 

Origins and Early Methods 

Early Scottish candle makers primarily used animal fat, especially tallow rendered from sheep, cattle, or pigs. The tallow was melted, purified, and poured into molds with a wick at the center. These primitive candles provided a basic source of light for households and businesses throughout Scotland. 

Wax Revolution and Beeswax 

The 18th century saw a significant shift with the introduction of beeswax. Wealthier households and religious institutions preferred beeswax candles due to their cleaner burn and pleasant aroma. Scotland, with its abundance of honey-producing bees, became a hub for beeswax candle production. Artisans crafted exquisite candles, often adorned with intricate designs, to cater to a discerning clientele. 

Industrialization and Paraffin Wax 

The Industrial Revolution in the 19th century brought another revolution in candle making with the discovery of paraffin wax, a by-product of the petroleum industry. This allowed for mass production of candles, making them more accessible and affordable for the general population. 

Modern Era: Fragrance and Decorative Candles 

In the 20th century, candle making evolved beyond its utilitarian purpose. Candles became decorative items and tools for aromatherapy. Scottish artisans experimented with a wide range of fragrances, colors, and shapes, transforming candles into objects of art.